In North American digital video, a QAM tuner is a device present in some digital televisions and similar devices which enables direct reception of digital cable channels without the use of a set-top box. QAM channels may move without notification and some channels may have strange numbering schemes when received on a non-proprietary set-top box. It is also common for cable providers to falsely insist that a set-top box from the cable company is required to watch all digital cable channels, including unencrypted channels, even though QAM channels may be distributed via their system. Many cable providers offer few or no details about unencrypted QAM channels. In addition, J.83b defines a popular 256-QAM mode that achieves a data rate of 38.8 Mbit/s. While both systems use concatenated trellis/RS coding, the differences in symbol rate and FEC redundancy account for the differences in rate. In a 6 MHz channel, the data rate is at most 36 Mbit/s (for 64-QAM or 8-VSB) the 8-VSB ATSC achieves a data rate of 19.3926 Mbit/s while the 64-QAM J.83b achieves a data rate of 26.970 Mbit/s. The 8-VSB modulation in the ATSC system corresponds with the 64-QAM modulation of J.83b. The two can be related by the fact that a VSB signal can be shown to be a form of offset QAM modulation where one of the two independent signals is delayed by 1/2 a symbol duration.
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VSB modulation, on the other hand, is a serial form of modulation that transmits one independent signal at a symbol rate that is near, but less than, twice the bandwidth of 6 MHz. QAM is a parallel form of modulation that transmits two independent signals at a symbol rate that is near, but less than, the bandwidth of 6 MHz. This is in contrast to DVB-C which is also based on QAM modulation, but uses a DVB-based data format which is incompatible with North American receivers. However, when used in the context of US digital cable television, the format of the data transmitted using this modulation is based on ITU-T J.83 Annex B ("J.83b"). QAM is a modulation format and does not specify the format of the digital data being carried. JSTOR ( December 2018) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources.
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QAM uses the same 6 MHz bandwidth as ATSC, using a standard known as ITU-T Recommendation J.83 Annex B ("J.83b"). Most new HDTV digital televisions support both of these standards.
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In cable systems, a QAM tuner is linked to the cable in a manner that is equivalent to an ATSC tuner which is required to receive over-the-air (OTA) digital channels broadcast by local television stations when attached to an antenna. QAM is used in a variety of communications systems such as Dial-up modems and WiFi. It is the format by which digital cable channels are encoded and transmitted via cable television providers. QAM is a digital television standard using quadrature amplitude modulation.